Recent Changes

“We have to conceive of a set of alternatives to dispossession that do not reduce a property-owning individual to an ontological valorization.” (160)
“Here again I think we are considering the production of dispensable populations that has become the characteristic mark of neoliberal regimes.” (162)
regimes.” (163)
"Vulnerability" (158)
"Ownership" (159)
"Hospitality" (162)
15- Enacting another vulnerability (Ione Fullerton)
Butler works to reconceptualize the ontological ink between property ownership and individualism, which is tied to inequality. Rather, an egalitarian notion of “entitlement to shelter” dispossesses the ownership from the individual (160). A social framework can be set up that bridges the bodily requirement that makes shelter so necessary, and an egalitarian organization of social and political life.
“Perhaps we have to include immigration law as a form of biopolitical control and regulation.” (167)
“None of these concerns can remain political abstractions in the course of her performance.” (171)
"Precarity" (164)
"Racial hegemony" (167)
"Slow death" (168)
Chapter 17 (Sarah Edwards)
Art interacts with the politics of grievability and memorialization in order to illustrate a simultaneous recognition of oppression and a resistance against it (173).

singularity (134)
naming (137)
(Nick H)
Summary:
Butler and Athanasiou dissect the concept of language, underlining the fact that the process of naming can further dispossession and increase the sense of alienation among subjects.
Bodily life (and its abilities to experiences pain, pleasure etc.) now experiences socially induced suffering. For Athanasiou, this moment where the body’s suffering is banalized is pivotal in our understanding of present times. (168)
Galindo, bodily life, and its ability to suffer (or have suffering imposed on it) 170-171
Chapter 16 (Nick H)
Summary:
Immigration policy represents regulation over entire demographics of humans and is reminiscent of Mbembe’s theory of necropolitics ad disposable populations.

singularity (134)
naming (137)
Chapter 12 (Nick H)
Summary:
Butler and Athanasiou dissect the concept of language, underlining the fact that the process of naming can further dispossession and increase the sense of alienation among subjects.
“You have drawn attention, Judith, to the ways in which social norms determine what kinds of humanness can become possible, what forms of life become lovable and grievable.” (135)
“Self-naming is important, and we surely see this, for instance, when transgendered people struggle with what to name themselves.” (137)
“If we are always named by others, then the name signifies a certain dispossession from the stars. If we seek to name ourselves, it is still within a language that we never made. And if we ask to called by another name, we are in some ways dependent on those we petition to agree to our demand.” (138).
“Horrorism” (132)
“Representation” (132)
“Language” (133)
“Nameless/unnameable” (134)
“Social Norms” (135)
“Self-naming” (137)
Chapter 12 (Logan Miller )
Summary
“Impermeable” (163)
Summary: The understanding of vulnerability can be reconceptualized when norms are viewed as a continuous and ever-changing process. Additionally, conceptualizing what it would look like if an idea were realized can serve allow us to view our current society from a new lens and motivate us to achieve a new society where property is distributed in an egalitarian way as a basic human right.
Chapter 15 (Nick Hochfeld)
Summary:
Butler and Athanasiou call into question the relation between ownership and the owner or host of private property asserting the need for equitable property redistribution.
“We have to conceive of a set of alternatives to dispossession that do not reduce a property-owning individual to an ontological valorization.” (160)
“Here again I think we are considering the production of dispensable populations that has become the characteristic mark of neoliberal regimes.” (162)
“The augmentation of precarious populations rationalizes the expansion of securitatiran regimes.” (163)
15- Enacting another vulnerability (Ione Fullerton)
Butler works to reconceptualize the ontological ink between property ownership and individualism, which is tied to inequality. Rather, an egalitarian notion of “entitlement to shelter” dispossesses the ownership from the individual (160). A social framework can be set up that bridges the bodily requirement that makes shelter so necessary, and an egalitarian organization of social and political life.
Bodily life (and its abilities to experiences pain, pleasure etc.) now experiences socially induced suffering. For Athanasiou, this moment where the body’s suffering is banalized is pivotal in our understanding of present times. (168)
Galindo, bodily life, and its ability to suffer (or have suffering imposed on it) 170-171
Chapter 16
Summary:
Immigration policy represents regulation over entire demographics of humans and is reminiscent of Mbembe’s theory of necropolitics ad disposable populations.
“What does it mean for a nation-state to judge, evaluate, valorize, and sanction the worth of certain gendered and affective enactments over others through its migration policy” (165)
“Perhaps we have to include immigration law as a form of biopolitical control and regulation.” (167)
“None of these concerns can remain political abstractions in the course of her performance.” (171)
Chapter 17 (Sarah Edwards)
Art interacts with the politics of grievability and memorialization in order to illustrate a simultaneous recognition of oppression and a resistance against it (173).

"radical transfiguration" (185)
"interdependency or equality" through "freedom or resistance" (185)
Chapter 19: Conundrums of solidarity (Valentina)
quotes
“Solidarity is unavoidably interwoven in the normative violence inherent in the what we come to imagine and recognize a viable life in accordance with given prerequisites of intelligibility” (185)
terms
aporia of solidarity
intertextuality/ interdependence (“involvement of two frameworks of protest” 186)
summary
This chapter looks at how two oppressed bodies can depend on each other’s framework of to make a call for freedom and resistance.
Chapter 20 (Quinn Lincoln)
critical thinking skills is higher level education is a risk to corporate regimes (188).

singularity (134)
naming (137)
Chapter 12 (Logan Miller )
Summary
Language becomes a restrictive barrier to discourse as by naming things we give them meaning and articulate ourselves around it. Yet a name may actually be something that is limiting discourse and hurting rather than helping.
The erasure of singularity is a crucial aspect of biopolitics (133)
Naming not only as a source of trauma but as a form of mimesis as well (139)
We are named by others, so we are already dispossessed in that way ( 138)
Singularity (133)
Horrorism (132)
Identity (134)
Chapter 13 (Sam Jacobson)
The political promise of the performative speaks to the idea of a physical action or “exercise of social agonism” that allows us “to bear witness to and at the same time disrupt the normative silencing of injurious national histories and disavowed losses” (142).
Plural bodies as resistance (178-183)
Summary: This chapter discusses bodily resistance and bodily freedom in the context of street protests and occupations.
Chapter 18 (Logan Miller)
Summary
How does bodily resistance to political structures change discourse? This chapter deals with collective performative action as a way to take back possession.
Political devaluing of passion (177)
The body as a performative tool (178)
Freedom is articulated in its exercise (182)
Survival (181)
Turbulent performative occasion (178)
Mutual vulnerability (177)
Chapter 19 (Sam Jacobson)
There is an aporia of solidarity which both hinders and enables collaborative action. The desire to exist and be free can never be exclusively ours but we need to struggle for it nonetheless.
the notion of critical thinking and it’s place in society, how it's regarded and such.
how universities are priming themselves for privatization (191)
Chapter 20 (Logan Miller)
Summary
This chapter discussed universities as they are changed from educational institutions to corporate ones. The emphasis on marketable skills rather than critical thinking is of particular concern.
The market seems to be the only measure of value ((190)
Universities reinforce already rigid class structures (191)
The loss of the humanities to other more marketable subjects (191)
Universities have always been places of power and inequality (189)
Book bloc (189)
Bottom line efficiency (188)
Rage (192)
Chapter 21 (Sam Jacobson)
“As we are affected by dispossession, the affect of dispossession is not quite our own” (193). The question becomes how do we reconcile and make sense of this in the context of also trying to understand how people are shaped by and react to the political realities of disposability.

“Impermeable” (163)
Summary: The understanding of vulnerability can be reconceptualized when norms are viewed as a continuous and ever-changing process. Additionally, conceptualizing what it would look like if an idea were realized can serve allow us to view our current society from a new lens and motivate us to achieve a new society where property is distributed in an egalitarian way as a basic human right.
15- Enacting another vulnerability (Ione Fullerton)
Butler works to reconceptualize the ontological ink between property ownership and individualism, which is tied to inequality. Rather, an egalitarian notion of “entitlement to shelter” dispossesses the ownership from the individual (160). A social framework can be set up that bridges the bodily requirement that makes shelter so necessary, and an egalitarian organization of social and political life.
Ethics of hospitality (161)
Developing a set of obligations (housing and livable shelters) that allow thinking of “we” as a people (162)
Realize the ideal, militate for the realization (162)
Precarity (163)
Chapter 16 (Nate Olson)
As neoliberalism expands, larger and larger social groups begin to experience precarity, but it is important to note that those who have long been experiencing precarity to belong to society, namely oppressed minorities.
The body as resistance (170-172)
Summary: This chapter is a discussion of state power over bodies, focusing on immigration law and performance protests.
16- Trans-border affective foreclosures and state racism (Ione Fullerton)
Racial regulations (anti-immigration laws) suspend or reject life. They are a form of biopolitical control and regulation that does not have to explicitly call for death, but certainly moves some towards it.
Zone of indifference between “banality” and “exception” makes up our biopolitical moment now, whereby the state can suspend the law and dispose of bodies in the name of life-affirming welfare. That is normative (168).
EU regulations as example (167)
Bodily life (and its abilities to experiences pain, pleasure etc.) now experiences socially induced suffering. For Athanasiou, this moment where the body’s suffering is banalized is pivotal in our understanding of present times. (168)
Galindo, bodily life, and its ability to suffer (or have suffering imposed on it) 170-171
Chapter 17 (Sarah Edwards)
Art interacts with the politics of grievability and memorialization in order to illustrate a simultaneous recognition of oppression and a resistance against it (173).
Symbols memorializing silenced groups as a way to give them a voice.
Chapter Summary: This chapter discusses memorialization and performance art as political symbolism that gives a voice to silenced groups.
17-Public grievability (ione Fullerton)
Butler is interested in plural performativity. Both authors provide examples of a single action that is in the name of others, “lost and present.” Butler articulates the effects of this performativity—it articulates an individual and social voice, and produces a community of bodies that congregate on the street that can enact equality that counter hierarchical powers (175).
Papaconstantinou’s perfomative art both calls “acknowledges the forgotten dead” and those that currently experience a social death. This is a form of “re-membering” that challenged memoro-politics (174).
Galindo’s art worked to make “memorable” those killed did different kinds of work: it mourned, memorialized, and resisted at once (175).
Chapter 18 (Nate Olson)
How does the congregation of many different bodies in one plural performative moment affect the political.

Homonationalism/heteronationalism (49)
Phallus (51)
Chapter 4: Sexual dispossessions (Valentina Lopez-Cortes)
quotes
“We must make the division between a primary, productive and affirmative, power as constitutive of the subject and a secondary, regulatory or subordinating. power as external to the subject.” (46)
“How can we comprehend the incitation to perform and conform beyond this perspective of chronological transition, which makes us assume a pre-discursive body and a primary intention of power as transtive and extrernal to a body” (50)
terms
materiality
regulation
consituative
biopolitical
performative identity
outline
imposing identity within the normalizing boundaries and binds
sexuality and gender as defined through “having and being”
breaking down of “sexual orientation”
-distinction between act, practice, and identity
What is sexual freedom?
-“free expression”
-there is a norm of what expression looks like, ergo freedom still is bound by the norms
Dispossession
-intertextuality leads to deflecting one cause in the name of another
-example: homophobia in Palestine
Sexual organs
-pre-discursive materiality
-framing materiality through norms and associations
-“imagining bodies”
-“having and being” (51)
Morphing the body
-desire influenced by power of identity
-allowance to be different is normalized- freedom of expression is normalized
-“release” is binding
Chapter 5 (Andrew Durand)
We are constantly being dispossessed by regulatory norms (55).
"real democracy" (151)
"preformativity of plurality" (155)
(Jenny Gruenberg)
Butler
Butler works conceptualizes labor” (159).
Radically
Radically repoliticize belonging norms. (159).
Butler
Butler acknowledges the change it.
The claiming impermeability while simultaneously waging wars implies knowledge of vulnerability yet attempting to mask it (163).
Vulnerability (158)
“Belonging” (159)
Ontology
Ontology (159, 160)
Property
Property (160)
Individualism
Individualism (160)
Hospitality
Hospitality (161)
“Impermeable”
“Impermeable” (163)
Summary: The understanding of vulnerability can be reconceptualized when norms are viewed as a continuous and ever-changing process. Additionally, conceptualizing what it would look like if an idea were realized can serve allow us to view our current society from a new lens and motivate us to achieve a new society where property is distributed in an egalitarian way as a basic human right.
Chapter 16 (Nate Olson)

"real democracy" (151)
"preformativity of plurality" (155)
Chapter 15 (Jenny Gruenberg)
Butler works conceptualizes vulnerability in “a world in which collective means are found to protect bodily vulnerability without precisely eradicating it” (158). She believes that norms will help to build this reality when they are not static but instead are “collective sites of continuous political labor” (159).
Radically repoliticize belonging through Butler’s conception of norms. (159).
Butler acknowledges the basic human need for shelter; however, property ownership that is linked with individualism implies inequality. Instead, Butler puts forth the idea of entitlement to shelter on an “egalitarian basis” (160). The notion of hospitality complicates egalitarianism because a host/guest relationship implies an unequal power dynamic, yet the fact that we still think in these terms demonstrates that we’re coming form a set perspective. Butler proposes that the realization of an ideal may allow us to realize what is lacking in our current society and give us the motivation to change it.
The claiming impermeability while simultaneously waging wars implies knowledge of vulnerability yet attempting to mask it (163).
Vulnerability (158)
“Belonging” (159)
Ontology (159, 160)
Property (160)
Individualism (160)
Hospitality (161)
“Impermeable” (163)
Summary: The understanding of vulnerability can be reconceptualized when norms are viewed as a continuous and ever-changing process. Additionally, conceptualizing what it would look like if an idea were realized can serve allow us to view our current society from a new lens and motivate us to achieve a new society where property is distributed in an egalitarian way as a basic human right.
Chapter 16 (Nate Olson)
As neoliberalism expands, larger and larger social groups begin to experience precarity, but it is important to note that those who have long been experiencing precarity to belong to society, namely oppressed minorities.

radical impressionability and receptivity (95)
primary sensibility (96)
Chapter 8 (Quinn Lincoln)
Interesting intersection of other authors. Provided insight into Butlers’s arguments for this section. (93)
The distinction between knowledge as a weapon against violence versus understands that are materialized into conduct. (94)
The notion of sensibility not being a possession but a mode of dispossession. (95)
Summary:
The chapter discusses the relationship between interpersonal relations and dispossession. The authors make a note that the impact of others is a result of a lack of understanding as to the system of dispossession.
Keyterms
Sensibility (95)
Knowledge as a tool for action(94)
cultural intelligibility (92)
Chapter 9 (Jenny Gruenberg)
Societal norms, which are currently being dictated by neoliberal governance, determine which bodies matter; which bodies can live and which bodies can die (97).
“Responsibilization” (103)
Summary: Societal norms dictate which bodies and people matter. However, the politics of performance allow individuals to claim rights of bodily integrity, even if their bodies are caught up in the larger controlling norms of society and do not truly belong to them. Performativity, understanding the agents of social control and activity working against them, is a way to bring precarity into political life.
(Jenny Gruenberg)
Although norms “performatively produce and shape” individuals, there is always the possibility of resignification of the normalized order (127).
anticipation (127-128).
“The
“The truth of exist (130).
“Performative
“Performative Surprise” (127)
Dialectics
Dialectics (127)
Law
Law (127)
Perpetual
Perpetual presumption and anticipation (128)
Negative
Negative Messianism (128)
Open-ended
Open-ended reality (130)
Summary: Athanansiou and Butlers argue that because the law is open-ended, due to its ability to change and be re-implemented, reality is open-ended as well. Only death allows for the end of anticipation, which should allow us to embrace the uncertainty of the present and empower us to reshape and resignify the normalized order.
Chapter 12 (quinn Lincoln)
in response to violence of opressioon, the notion of naming/being-name had become a delemma; as, language in itself to capture atrocities, we are forced to find new ways of naming/being-named. (132)
Hegemonic discourse does not allow for representation of oppression and dispossession. (132)
change will arise because of the possibility of shifting speakability, even though language has failed us. (133)
difference between knowing every person destroyed, rather than achieveing a better understanding of the process of singularity (134).
a system of naming can further a course of dominion by oppressors as the identity relies on the wounds inflicted (135)
new modes of language should include a means for giving people separateness while providing community (136)
summary
This chapter works to explore the nature of language’s impact of dispossession. The language of naming, specifically, is cited with regard to its goal (separateness as an invitation to community and its dangers (potential furthering of oppressing powers).
keywords:
performative politics (131)
“naming/being-named/hearing/being-heard” (132)
speakability (133)
singularity (134)
naming (137)
Chapter 13 (Sam Jacobson)
The political promise of the performative speaks to the idea of a physical action or “exercise of social agonism” that allows us “to bear witness to and at the same time disrupt the normative silencing of injurious national histories and disavowed losses” (142).
"radical transfiguration" (185)
"interdependency or equality" through "freedom or resistance" (185)
Chapter 20 (Quinn Lincoln)
critical thinking skills is higher level education is a risk to corporate regimes (188).
Spectres of Marx still antagonize the capitalist regime take the form of student protests against university governance. (189)
There seems to be an increased possibility for universities to be specialized and privatized for marketable pursuits. Like a lofty trade school. (190)
in the US alone, there is an increasing number of academic works who have decreasing security. These teachers seem to be in the humanities (191).
summary:
This chapter discusses the course of universities in the modern era. With questions like: “Who can afford to go?” and “Who can find entry into the halls?” Our authors discuss how educational institutions are being forced into a private market where teaching critical thinking is replaced by marketable skills.
key terms:
Marketable skills (190)
the notion of critical thinking and it’s place in society, how it's regarded and such.
how universities are priming themselves for privatization (191)
Chapter 21 (Sam Jacobson)
“As we are affected by dispossession, the affect of dispossession is not quite our own” (193). The question becomes how do we reconcile and make sense of this in the context of also trying to understand how people are shaped by and react to the political realities of disposability.

Othered people, through self-recognition, can subvert and alter how identity is recognized (64-65).
The “self” does not exist on its own, or in a vacuum; it is a collection of “responsive dispositions” toward the social (71).
self?”) (73-74).
Summary:
Summary: This chapter internal perspective.
Key words:
Recognition/self-recognition (64)
“Responsibilization” (103)
Summary: Societal norms dictate which bodies and people matter. However, the politics of performance allow individuals to claim rights of bodily integrity, even if their bodies are caught up in the larger controlling norms of society and do not truly belong to them. Performativity, understanding the agents of social control and activity working against them, is a way to bring precarity into political life.
Chapter 11 (Jenny Gruenberg)
Although norms “performatively produce and shape” individuals, there is always the possibility of resignification of the normalized order (127).
“The power of the law lies in its very openness, in its non-materialization” (127). The law is constantly changing and, therefore, is never firmly implemented. People who seek to access the law are in a constant state of presumption and anticipation (127-128).
“The truth of the law will remain forever inaccessible;” however, anticipation is only possible within life, so the end of life marks the end of anticipation for the truth of the law, which is a demonstration of negative messianism that fails to achieve a final realization (129). This allows for an open-ended reality to exist (130).
“Performative Surprise” (127)
Dialectics (127)
Law (127)
Perpetual presumption and anticipation (128)
Negative Messianism (128)
Open-ended reality (130)
Summary: Athanansiou and Butlers argue that because the law is open-ended, due to its ability to change and be re-implemented, reality is open-ended as well. Only death allows for the end of anticipation, which should allow us to embrace the uncertainty of the present and empower us to reshape and resignify the normalized order.
Chapter 13 (Sam Jacobson)
The political promise of the performative speaks to the idea of a physical action or “exercise of social agonism” that allows us “to bear witness to and at the same time disrupt the normative silencing of injurious national histories and disavowed losses” (142).